What is defined as "sensitive authentication data" in PCI DSS?

Sensitive authentication data as defined by PCI DSS refers specifically to data used to authenticate cardholders, such as Personal Identification Numbers (PINs) and Card Verification Values (CVVs). This distinction is critical because sensitive authentication data is subject to strict regulations regarding storage and handling to protect against fraud and unauthorized access.

When it comes to cardholder information, PINs and CVVs play a vital role in verifying the identity of the cardholder during transactions. These pieces of data are not only essential for completing transactions but also for ensuring security during the authentication process. PCI DSS mandates that organizations do not store this type of data post-authorization in order to minimize risks associated with data breaches.

In contrast, the other options either relate to non-sensitive data or data that doesn't meet the PCI DSS definition of sensitive authentication data. For instance, cardholder names and addresses are considered less sensitive in the context of authentication. General transaction records stored in databases contain transactional details but do not provide specific data that authenticates the cardholder. Publicly accessible information is not sensitive by nature and poses no risks to cardholder authentication processes. Thus, the focus remains on the secure handling of sensitive data like PINs and CVVs to comply with PCI DSS requirements.